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The current farming level of farmers is uneven. Especially in the aspect of fertilization, there are many misunderstandings, and improper fertilization is easy to occur, resulting in poor fertilization after fertilization, slow results, and even plant death.

　　 Therefore, in the fertilization process, the following issues should be paid attention to:

　　 Misunderstanding 1: When fertilizing is close to the stem of the plant, the fertilizer is easily absorbed

　　 This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, and this method of fertilization has greater harm. Because the part of the plant that absorbs nutrients is in the root hair zone, the plant stems and roots (except the root hair zone) absorb little or no nutrients. When fertilizing, it is close to the stem of the plant (except in the seedling stage), and the fertilizer is away from the nutrient absorption part of the plant. Therefore, it is not easy to be absorbed. If too much fertilizer is applied and the concentration is too high, the phenomenon of "burning seedlings" is likely to occur. Therefore, when fertilizing, the location of fertilization should be determined according to the growth of the above-ground plant and the growth of underground roots to ensure the fertilization effect.

　　Misunderstanding 2: Apply fertilizer after crops are lacking in fertilizer

After the fertilizer is applied, it takes 3 to 5 days in the paddy field to be absorbed and used by the crops, and generally 5 to 7 days in the dry land to be absorbed and used. Therefore, fertilizing the crops after the lack of fertilizer will cause the crop to be short of fertilizer. As a result, the fertilization work should be carried out according to the characteristics of crops requiring fertilizer. Paddy fields should be fertilized 5-7 days in advance, and dry fields should be fertilized 8-10 days in advance.

　　 At the same time, the nutrient absorption of crops is also related to light, temperature, water, and fertilization methods (such as dry application, leaching, extra-root topdressing, etc.). Strong light, high temperature, and sufficient water will speed up the absorption of crop nutrients. On the contrary, the absorption will slow down. The extra-root topdressing takes effect quickly because nutrients are directly absorbed by the leaves. It can be applied later, but the concentration should be low to prevent damage to the leaves. Leaching can make the fertilizer directly penetrate into the roots of the plant, and the effect is quicker, and it can also be applied late. Dry fertilizer has a slow effect and should be applied early.

　　Misunderstanding 3: As long as crops grow well in nutrition, high yields can be obtained

　　 The growth of crops includes two stages: vegetative growth and reproductive growth (except for leafy vegetables and fleshy stem crops). Applying sufficient nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth can promote vegetative growth. However, if nitrogen fertilizer is applied during the reproductive growth period, it will cause crop greed, affect reproductive growth, hinder the conversion of nutrients, and reduce yield and quality. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the growth of crops. Nitrogen fertilizer should be used in the early stage to promote vegetative growth, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be combined in the middle and late stages to promote reproductive growth and increase yield.

　　Misunderstanding 4: As long as enough fertilizer is applied, high yields can be obtained

　　 The types and quantities of nutrients required for the whole growth period and different growth periods of various crops are different. If fertilization is not performed according to the fertilization characteristics of the crops, one will cause the crops to suffer from nutrient deficiency, stress resistance and disease resistance, resulting in lower yield and quality, and second, some crops will require little or almost no absorption The nutrient remains or is lost, causing fertilizer waste. Therefore, the type and quantity of fertilization should be determined according to the growth characteristics of the plant to fully exert the fertilizer effect.

　　 Misunderstanding 5: As long as fertilizer is applied, it will be effective

The fertilizer efficiency of fertilization is related to soil characteristics, crop nutrient absorption characteristics, fertilizer nutrient release characteristics and many conditions such as water, air, and heat. If the influence of various factors is not fully considered, it is very easy to cause nutrient loss and fertilizer shortage. .

　　 Sandy soil has fast fertilizer efficiency, but it also loses quickly. Therefore, it should be carried out according to the principle of less application and multiple application. Clay loam soil has a slow fertilization effect, so sufficient base fertilizer should be applied and topdressing should be applied early. Potassium fertilizer is easy to dissolve but also loses quickly. Therefore, it should be fertilized in time according to the characteristics of the potassium demand of the crop. Organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer have slower effect and less loss. It should be applied early. Ammonium bicarbonate is volatile and can be combined with organic fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer. Fertilizing after 1-2 days can reduce the loss of nutrients.

　　Misunderstanding 6: Only pay attention to the amount of fertilizer, not the nutrient content

　　 Some compound fertilizers now appearing on the market are widely used in rural areas due to their lower unit prices. These compound fertilizers generally have low content of effective ingredients or low or no content of one of the three major elements. However, farmers do not pay enough attention to these conditions and continue to fertilize the habit of high-content compound fertilizers, resulting in the added nitrogen , Phosphorus, and Potassium are insufficient, causing crop shortages and nutrient deficiency syndromes, affecting yield and quality.

　　 Therefore, when using these compound fertilizers, you should fully understand the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of these compound fertilizers, and

　　The characteristics of crops requiring fertilizers, combined with the use of single-element fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, ensure the normal growth of crops.

　　 Misunderstanding 7: More fertilization, high benefit

　　According to the principle of diminishing returns, when a certain amount of fertilizer is applied, the input-output ratio decreases and the benefit decreases. If too much fertilizer is applied, it will cause a reduction in production.

　　 Therefore, it is necessary to find the best fertilization plan for fertilization based on the characteristics of fertilizer requirements during the whole growth period of the crop, soil fertility, and planting density of the crop, etc., and to find the best fertilization plan for fertilization to maximize the fertilizer efficiency and increase economic benefits.

　　 Misunderstanding 8: Only pay attention to the application of a large number of elements, not to pay attention to the application of small elements

　　 A large number of elements are the basic elements that crops rely on for growth, but some crops have an effect on certain micro-elements during the whole growth period or a certain growth period.

　　The quantity of elements required is large or the soil lacks of microelements. If the application of microelements is not increased, it will cause plant deformities, drop flowers and fruit, and reduce product yield and quality.

Therefore, while applying sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other large elements, it is necessary to apply iron, manganese, zinc, boron and other trace elements in accordance with the fertilizer requirements of crops and the composition of soil nutrients to ensure the normal growth of crops .